I would recommend the following steps to upgrade the harddrive in your RNS510.

First determine if your radio's harddrive is a traditional spinning device or a solid state device (SSD). The later versions were upgraded to SSD harddrives.
Do you know the security pin number of your harddrive? If not, take it in to the dealership and ask them to give it to you, ideally at no cost. If that does not work, I would recommend using your RNS510 diagnositc cable to determine the PIN number, or worst case reset it. If that is uncomfortable, you can search on eBay for a reputable person to determine the PIN number and sell it to you; I have good success with this and the cost is ~C$10.
Use the RNS510 Manager software to connect to your radio and read the status of your current harddrive. My drive looked like the following:
Read the status and partitioning of your current harddrive; this is a 40GB drive:
tShell drive status for drive : HDB tShell drive size : 40007761920 tShell number of volumes : 3 tShell status : OK tShell volume name : /hdb1 volume label : VIENNA FFS tShell status : OK filesystem : VIENNA access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 19998441472 tShell remaining size : 19761315840 tShell volume name : /hdb2 volume label : tShell status : OK filesystem : FAT32 access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 9992003584 tShell remaining size : 2855100416 tShell volume name : /hdb3 volume label : tShell status : OK filesystem : FAT32 access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 9992003584 tShell remaining size : 9932201984
Take your radio apart; the directions for this can be found on the Internet. I have posted two good resources under References & Links. this is not very difficult, but takes a clean working space and should be done without interuption so you do not forget how to reassemble the radio.
After the radio is assembled with the new harddrive, read it's status and make sure that it is recognized. This is a 64GB drive that is not partitioned:
tShell drive status for drive : HDB tShell drive size : 64105742336 tShell number of volumes : 1 tShell status : OK tShell volume name : /hdb1 volume label : tShell status : UNKNOWN filesystem : FAT32 access type : UNKNOWN partition type : Primary tShell total size : 0 tShell remaining size : 0

Note that the above image does not show POI checked off; I would recommend that this be used.
I re-partioned the harddrive. I recommend using Points Of Interest (POI) storage, but I have not had a lot of time to use this feature.work on the radio. I then partitioned the drive a second time with POI storage. Here is a screen capture with no POI storage and drive info:
tShell drive status for drive : HDB tShell drive size : 64105742336 tShell number of volumes : 3 tShell status : OK tShell volume name : /hdb1 volume label : tShell status : OK filesystem : VIENNA access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 31943819264 tShell remaining size : 31943806976 tShell volume name : /hdb2 volume label : tShell status : OK filesystem : FAT32 access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 16010739712 tShell remaining size : 16010715136 tShell volume name : /hdb3 volume label : tShell status : OK filesystem : FAT32 access type : no access partition type : Primary tShell total size : 16010739712 tShell remaining size : 16010715136
Disconnect the RNS510 cable and reassemble the radio into the automoible.
Load in the latest firmware into the radio.
Load in the latest version of maps available.
Enjoy! Go for a drive...

Last Updated 2019.11.23